How Angel Investors Survive the COVID-19 Economic Crisis

Blakiston Owl: We need the wisdom of an owl in times like these. (c) Rosen Photo

Author: Dan Rosen

To: The Angel Community

After publishing my companion piece, “How Startups Survive the COVID-19 Economic Crisis,” I have received a number of comments about how this impacts angels and angel investing.  Here are my thoughts.

Unlike VCs, who have a fund to invest and collect a management fee for investing their fund, Angel Investors invest their own money and are under no pressure to invest in any company or at any time.  Our decisions to support a startup are totally our own.  As in previous market downturns, there will be some themes that help us through our investment decisions during the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting economic crisis.

Angels have limited funds.  And many of us already have extensive portfolios.  We quickly will be (or already are) in the position of getting funding requests from many of our portfolio companies for new rounds of funding.  Some will make it, and some won’t – even great companies with fabulous ideas will fail when the cash dries up, and sometimes Angels alone can’t provide sufficient cash to carry them through.

For Angels, this is a good time for both investing and tough love.  Great companies are often started in market downturns.  I believe this is because only the most dedicated entrepreneurs (the ones that feel absolutely compelled to create their new company) will leave a stable, good-paying job in the middle of a downturn.

My friend and colleague, John Huston of Ohio TechAngels, commented on the last two recessions: “One strong recollection I have of those periods is that CEOs (with a strong BOD) who most effectively & frequently communicated their parsimonious plans to use the emergency funding were helped and survived.”  An inexperienced entrepreneur might neither have the experience nor the tools to manage their impending company crisis; we as knowledgeable Angels and mentors and board members can draw on the experiences we have faced as investors in those previous cycles.  It is our hour to shine and help our startups survive and thrive!

Here are my rules for Angels during this downturn:

  1. Stay in the Game.  I know that our public equity portfolio is way down, but, most likely, you aren’t bailing out while the stock market is down.  Same is true of Angel investing.  Stay in the game.  Keep reviewing companies, meeting with entrepreneurs, etc.  And be prepared to invest in both some of your existing companies and some new ones.
  2. Be highly selective.  Most Angel investors are always selective, but this is the time to turn your filter even higher.  Funding is even more limited than it was a few weeks ago.  There will be lots of great opportunities, both in your existing portfolio and new ones.  So, take your time and invest with care.  The funding requests will vastly exceed your ability to invest!
  3. Work in a group or a team.  Angel groups (or groups of Angels) can help a lot, both in terms of assessing deals and in making sure that there is a sufficient pool of capital and expertise to help companies succeed and thrive.  In stressful times like these, this is even more important.  The Alliance of Angels has survived the 2000 (dot com crash) and 2008 (mortgage crisis) downturns, with a group IRR of over 20%.  Angels and the startups they support can really benefit from that institutional wisdom.
  4. Be ruthless.  All Angels investors have their favorite companies.  We want them to succeed.  This is the time to step back and realistically consider the probability of success with limited financing.  Advise your existing companies to conserve cash and focus on how to help their customers.  (See my companion piece.)  You may think you are helping by keeping a portfolio company alive, but make sure that their plan is reasonable to actually survive – tough love.  Some of your portfolio companies will not survive – even great companies will die from running out of cash and runway.  But it is likely that some good ones will come through this crisis even stronger and give a better return than you expected.
  5. Multiple financing rounds.  This is a time to avoid companies whose plans require multiple rounds of financing with large cash needs before they can turn cash-flow positive.  I’m not saying to sub-optimize the outcome of great companies.  But for at least quite a while, it is likely that cash will be tight, and it will be difficult to raise money.  Companies that are frugal and can make the most out of the Angel cash have a much higher probability of giving you a return.
  6. Deal terms matter.  This is a time for resets.  Both Angels and entrepreneurs need to reset expectations.  The world will recover, but it is likely to take a while, so make sure that the terms on which you invest are in synch with the market and the projected future.  Resetting valuations to match today’s reality is a must.  If you agree to too high a valuation, the company will have trouble both attracting enough investment now and, particularly, more investment at the high post-money valuation later.  Watch for other terms, like liquidation preferences, that can lower your return.  And, for a less experienced CEO, do not be afraid to have some protective provisions, e.g., the company can’t exceed its budget without the approval of the investors or investors’ rep.
  7. Be careful, but not greedy.  As Angel investors, we invest for the future and to give back.  It is OK to be careful, ensuring that the return you get is commensurate with the now higher risk you are taking.  But don’t be greedy and ask for large multiple liquidation preferences, too much of the company, or asking the entrepreneur to throw all their energy into the company without retaining a big enough stake.  This is a time when we want a “rising tide to raise all ships.”  We are in this together.
  8. Exits.  In the short term, not many exits are likely to occur.  Unlike VCs, Angels can do well with modest exit valuations (provided that the initial valuation was in line with reality).  Entrepreneurs can also do well with a modest exit.  Make sure the entrepreneurs in which you invest are on the same page – look for early exits, even if they are more modest.  You want entrepreneurs who want to be rich, rather than becoming a king!

We are in a challenging period.  It is natural to want to pull back.  As an Angel investor, this can be a good time to both maximize your current portfolio and find some new fantastic deals with fantastic teams at reasonable terms.

Trophy Hunting – I just don’t understand

Like many animal lovers, my first reaction was outrage at the senseless death of Cecil the lion by Walter Palmer. I let my first draft post that reflected my outrage subside into thought – I just couldn’t understand why a successful American dentist would feel the need to take the life of a beautiful African creature. Then I learned that he has done it many times in the past and that big-game hunting has supported the imperiled species to be taken to the brink of extinction, where the lion population has decreased from over 100,000 in the early 1990s to between 15,000-47,000 currently (ref: Wikipedia). The justification is that “trophy hunting” is a smaller factor than poaching. To me that is a specious argument, since it exacerbates the rapid decline of these magnificent creatures. Paying $50,000 to slaughter, behead, and skin a lion is unfathomable and should be condemned.

Our society has moved beyond this! We should not tolerate this. 2000 years ago, hunting and killing humans was considered acceptable. Army’s would plunder captured villages, beheading humans and displaying their heads on spikes or hanging them from walls. As our society matured and became more civilized, this was condemned and is considered abhorrent. ISIS still maintains this practice in their conquered territory – they considered conquered people trophies and not deserving of any compassion.
Are big-game trophy hunters, like Walter Palmer, very different from them? Future generations of humanity will look back on the barbaric practice of trophy hunting with disgust, just as we should now.

So, what should we do?
1) Clearly, the first step if for all civilized countries (led by the US) should put in place a permanent ban on Trophy Hunting; no part of a threatened or endangered species should be allowed to be brought back into the US or any other country.
2) Social pressure, like that shown to Walter Palmer, must be ferocious. We should shun anyone who does Trophy Hunting. Peer pressure should be massive. They should understand that this is as unacceptable as being taken to a remote location to hunt a human.
3) Economic stick. The countries that allow Trophy Hunting should face economic sanctions if they continue to do so. These include not just Zimbabwe, but also South Africa, Namibia, etc.
4) Economic carrot. We need to support non-destructive ways to preserve wildlife and their environments in the affected countries. I am a photographer and love photographing animals in their natural habitat. Photo trips like these are expensive and support the local economy. I also contribute to wildlife conservation. As a society, we need to make sure that preserving these natural habitats and their wild inhabitants is a high priority.

Let’s make sure that Cecil’s senseless killing was not in vain. #CecilMattered

Pantanal Magic Photo Book Available

My first photo book, Pantanal Magic, is now available for pre-order. Cost will be $100 per book and 100% of the proceeds will go the Seattle Humane Society (www.SeattleHumane.org) and Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine (http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/). To see a preview of the book, go to www.rosen-photo.com and click on the Pantanal Magic Book link. Hope you enjoy.

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